Healthy strands boast tightly closed cuticle layers. If hair is in good condition, it
shines, swings, feels good when touched, and has no "candyfloss" ends or split strands.
If you want to keep your hair healthy, you have to avoid the enemies of healthy hair;
too much sun, vitamin deficiencies, illness or other stresses, certain drugs like sulfa
drugs and birth control pills, and cosmetic assaults like perming or dyeing. There is
also the issue of environmental contamination, as from chlorine. The easiest route to
healthy hair is to avoid as many of the following damaging things as possible.
Shampooing
Shampoo works by removing dirt and excess sebum from the hair's surface. Gentle shampoos
remove just what they need to. Strong shampoos, however, can take with them your hair's
protective sebum, that necessary natural oil that keeps hair pliable, moisturized, and
healthy. In some cases, strong shampoos also disrupt your hair's cuticle layer, roughing
up those tile-like portions and allowing damage to the interior cortex.
Don't overdo it- Get into washing habits that suit your hair and you will benefit from
healthy looking, naturally shiny hair.
Rough handling
Raking through damp strands with a fine-toothed comb, yanking at tangles, brushing hair
20 times a day, absent mindedly tugging at locks, backcombing strands for a fuller
finish - these all constitute rough handling, and they are all guaranteed ways to
damages fragile tresses.
Every time you handle your hair, even if you just push your fingers through it, you put
stress on its cuticle layer, causing the cuticle's tightly overlapping tiles to come
unhinged; in hair-care circles, this is known as mechanical damage. Particularly
aggressive treatment can even strip away a section of these tiles. When this protective
armour is compromised or removed, hair splits, frays, or snaps off.
Hair accessories
Ponytail holders, hair slides, combs, clips - most of us have been using these and other
hairdo helpers since childhood. This is fine, as long as you don't use them more then
one or three times a week. Wearing your hair day after day in the same style can wear
away the hair's cuticle layer and cause breakage in those locks that are contained by
the accessory.
Similarly, if you're not gentle when removing them, hair accessories you can damage
locks in another way. Try not to yank free any tresses that become stuck in the hinge of
a clip or a hair slide or wound around a ponytail holder. Unfortunately, ripping strands
out of a hair ornament's grasp can strip away a long swath of the cuticle layer.
Heat styling
Ask any dermatologist or stylist the main cause of damaged hair and they will probably
say heat-styling. Heat causes a number of problems: it lifts those tightly fitting tiles
that create cuticle layer, causing small spaces where water and other substances can
enter and cause damage. Heat can also damage and remove small chips of the cuticle
layer, causing a porous, hole-pocked surface that leaves hair weakened and prone to
splitting, fraying, and breaking.
The best way to avoid heat damage is to air-dry hair and stay away from heated curling
and straightening appliances. Blow-dry only when necessary (for example, when you're
going out), prepare hair with a leave-in conditioner for a bit of protection, and hold
the blower at least 15 cm (6 inches) from the head.
Environmental Contamination
Chlorine, used in swimming pools, is a bleach and it does have a damaging effect on
hair. Not only does it affect the texture and color of the hair, but it can also weaken
hair at the follicle. When you swim, always rinse your hair out after every swim in
clean water as chlorine and salt ruin your hair, even more so if your hair is chemically
treated.
Eating An Unbalanced Diet
Good hair, skin, teeth and overall health is directly tied to eating well balanced
meals. Our bodies crave vitamins and minerals. When we don't provide these goodies to
our bodies, many things suffer. Often our hair and skin are obvious victims. A poor diet
will also prevent us from having the optimal energy to be successful in other areas of
our life. Besides, smoking has also been proven to accelerate the incidence of hair loss
and the accumulation of gray hair. Caffeine is also not blameless. Excessive caffeine
use can do all kinds of damage and has been proven to be a culprit in all sorts of hair
and skin related problems.
Hair vitamins do work. This is because they actually supplement the vitamins and
minerals that our bodies and hair require for optimal growth and condition. Hair
vitamins alone are not the perfect solution. Eating well for your body type in
combination with vitamins and minerals will be the real winning combination.
Generally, a safe, conservative approach to hair care is the best way to keep hair
healthy.